Samar da hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ya ƙunshi jerin halayen sinadarai don gyara cellulose, polymer na halitta wanda aka samo daga tsire-tsire. Ana amfani da HEC sosai a masana'antu daban-daban, ciki har da magunguna, kayan kwalliya, abinci, da gine-gine, saboda kauri, daidaitawa, da abubuwan kiyaye ruwa.
Gabatarwa zuwa Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC)
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ba ionic ba, polymer polymer mai narkewa da ruwa wanda aka samu daga cellulose ta hanyar gyaran sinadarai. Ana amfani dashi ko'ina azaman thickening, gelling, da stabilization wakili a cikin daban-daban masana'antu.
Raw Materials
Cellulose: Babban albarkatun kasa don samar da HEC. Ana iya samun cellulose daga kayan shuka iri-iri kamar ɓangaren itace, auduga, ko ragowar aikin gona.
Ethylene Oxide (EO): Wani sinadari mai mahimmanci da ake amfani dashi don gabatar da ƙungiyoyin hydroxyethyl akan kashin bayan cellulose.
Alkali: Yawanci sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ko potassium hydroxide (KOH) ana amfani dashi azaman mai kara kuzari a cikin dauki.
Tsarin Masana'antu
Samar da HEC ya haɗa da etherification na cellulose tare da ethylene oxide a ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline.
Matakai masu zuwa suna zayyana tsarin:
1. Pre-maganin Cellulose
An fara tsarkake cellulose don cire datti kamar lignin, hemicellulose, da sauran abubuwan cirewa. Sa'an nan kuma za a bushe da tsabtataccen cellulose zuwa wani ɗanshi na musamman.
2. Etherification Reaction
Shiri na Maganin Alkali: An shirya maganin ruwa na sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ko potassium hydroxide (KOH). Ƙaddamar da maganin alkali yana da mahimmanci kuma yana buƙatar ingantawa bisa ga ƙimar da ake so na maye gurbin (DS) na samfurin ƙarshe.
Saitin amsawa: Tsaftataccen cellulose yana tarwatse a cikin maganin alkali. Cakuda yana mai zafi zuwa takamaiman zafin jiki, yawanci a kusa da 50-70 ° C, don tabbatar da cewa cellulose ya kumbura gaba ɗaya kuma ana iya samun damar amsawa.
Bugu da ƙari na Ethylene Oxide (EO): Ethylene oxide (EO) ana ƙara sannu a hankali zuwa jirgin ruwa yayin da yake kula da zafin jiki kuma yana motsawa akai-akai. Halin yana da exothermic, don haka kula da zafin jiki yana da mahimmanci don hana zafi.
Kulawa da Amsa: Ana lura da ci gaban martanin ta hanyar nazarin samfurori a tsaka-tsaki na yau da kullun. Za a iya amfani da dabaru kamar Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) don tantance matakin maye gurbin (DS) na ƙungiyoyin hydroxyethyl akan kashin bayan cellulose.
Neuralization da Wankewa: Da zarar an sami DS da ake so, ana kashe amsa ta hanyar kawar da maganin alkaline tare da acid, yawanci acetic acid. Sakamakon HEC din yana wanke shi sosai da ruwa don cire duk wani abu da bai dace ba da kuma ƙazanta.
3. Tsarkakewa da bushewa
HEC da aka wanke yana kara tsarkakewa ta hanyar tacewa ko centrifugation don cire duk wani ƙazanta. Ana bushe HEC da aka tsarkake zuwa takamaiman abun ciki don samun samfurin ƙarshe.
Kula da inganci
Kula da inganci yana da mahimmanci a cikin tsarin samar da HEC don tabbatar da daidaito da tsabta na samfurin ƙarshe. Mahimmin sigogi don saka idanu sun haɗa da:
Digiri na canji (DS)
Dankowar jiki
Danshi abun ciki
pH
Tsarki (rashin ƙazanta)
Dabarun nazari kamar FTIR, ma'aunin danko, da bincike na farko ana amfani da su don sarrafa inganci.
Aikace-aikace na Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC)
HEC yana samun aikace-aikace a cikin masana'antu daban-daban saboda kaddarorin sa:
Pharmaceuticals: Ana amfani da shi azaman wakili mai kauri a cikin dakatarwar baka, abubuwan da ake amfani da su, da tsarin isar da magunguna masu sarrafawa.
Kayan shafawa: Ana amfani da su a cikin creams, lotions, da shampoos azaman mai kauri da daidaitawa.
Abinci: Ƙara zuwa kayan abinci azaman mai kauri da gelling, emulsifier, da stabilizer.
Gina: Ana amfani da su a cikin turmi na tushen siminti da grouts don inganta aiki da riƙe ruwa.
La'akarin Muhalli da Tsaro
Tasirin Muhalli: Samar da HEC ya ƙunshi amfani da sinadarai irin su ethylene oxide da alkalis, waɗanda zasu iya samun tasirin muhalli. Gudanar da sharar gida daidai da bin ka'idoji suna da mahimmanci don rage tasirin muhalli.
Tsaro: Ethylene oxide iskar gas mai saurin amsawa kuma mai ƙonewa, yana haifar da haɗarin aminci yayin sarrafawa da ajiya. isassun iskar iska, kayan kariya na sirri (PPE), da ka'idojin aminci suna da mahimmanci don tabbatar da amincin ma'aikaci.
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) polymer ne mai mahimmanci tare da aikace-aikace iri-iri a cikin masana'antu tun daga magunguna zuwa gini. Samar da shi ya ƙunshi etherification na cellulose tare da ethylene oxide a ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline. Matakan kula da ingancin suna da mahimmanci don tabbatar da daidaito da tsabtar samfurin ƙarshe. Dole ne kuma a magance la'akarin muhalli da aminci a duk lokacin aikin samarwa. Ta bin hanyoyin da suka dace da ka'idoji, ana iya samar da HEC yadda ya kamata yayin da ake rage tasirin muhalli da tabbatar da amincin ma'aikaci.
Wannan cikakken jagorar ya ƙunshi tsarin samar da hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) daki-daki, daga albarkatun ƙasa zuwa kula da inganci da aikace-aikace, yana ba da cikakkiyar fahimtar wannan muhimmin tsari na masana'antar polymer.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-10-2024