Takaitawa:
1. Wetting da watsawa wakili
2. Defoamer
3. Thickener
4. Adadin-samar da fim
5. Anti-lalata, anti-mildew da wakilin anti-algae
6. Sauran ƙari
1 wetting da watsawa warke:
Cellings na tushen ruwa suna amfani da ruwa a matsayin mai matsakaici ko watsawa, da ruwa mai gina jiki ana daidaita shi da karfin rai lokacin da wutar lantarki ta ruwa. Bugu da kari, a cikin tsarin zane-zane na ruwa, akwai sau da yawa polymers da kuma surfactants na ionic, wadanda ake adasta a saman alamomin filler, samar da steric hana watsawa. Sabili da haka, zanen-tushen ruwa da emulsions sami sakamako mai tsayayye ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa na ɗaukar nauyin lantarki da steric hana hannu. Rashin kyawunsa shine rashin juriya na lantarki, musamman ga masu amfani da wadataccen farashi.
1.1 Wakili Wakili
Welling jami'an don sutturar kayan kwalliya sun kasu kashi biyu.
Haɗin Wakilin Wuya da Wakilin Wakili na iya cimma sakamako mai mahimmanci. Adadin wakilin wetging yana da kaɗan a cikin dubu. Hasumcinsa yana fa'ida da rage ƙarfin tsayayya da fim.
Ofaya daga cikin cigaban ists na wetting jamiái shine sannu a hankali maye gurbin Polyoxyethylene alkyl (benzene) phenol etherins, saboda yana kaiwa zuwa ragarancin maza a berayen da kuma shiga cikin endcrine. Alkylyethylene alkyl (benzene) phenol 3 ehers ana amfani dashi azaman emulsifIfers a lokacin emulsifion polymerization.
Surfacts Twin Surfacts sune kuma sabon ci gaba. Yana da kwayoyin halitta biyu da aka haɗa ta wani mai sarari. Mafi kyawun fasalin Surfacts na Surfacts shine cewa maida hankali ne na micelle (CMC) ya fi yadda aka yi amfani da Surfactants na "Surfacting" suttak. Irin wannan Twin Twin 4000, shi ne tagwaye na tagulla Squatelane Surfactant, kuma yana da kumfa da defoaming kaddarorin.
Samfuran jiragen sama sun haɓaka Surmin Surka. Surkaukar gargajiya suna da wutsiya mai hydrophobic da shugaban hydrophilic, amma wannan sabon surfactant ƙungiyoyi biyu ko uku, wanda ke da alaƙa da glycols, samfuran samfuri biyu ko uku.
1.2 Watsawa
Wuraki ga Metex fenti sun kasu kashi hudu: wulakanci na phosacate, watsawar polyacoler wutsiya da sauran wutsiya.
Mafi yawan amfani da wutsiyar phosphate sune polyphare, kamar sodium commusphate, sodium polanphyphate (Calgon N, samfurin BK Giulini (KTPP) da Tetrapotasphate pyrophosphate (TkPhotasphate pyrophosphate (TkP). Hanyar aikinsa ita ce ta riƙe karfin hawa ta hanyar haɗin hydrogen da adsorption sunadarai. Amfaninta shine cewa sashi ya ragu, kusan 0.1%, kuma yana da tasiri mai kyau watsawa a kan pigress na Inorganic da kuma masu zane. Amma kuma akwai kasawa: ɗaya, tare da haɓaka ƙimar PH da zazzabi, ana samun polyphosphate cikin sauƙi, yana haifar da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci; Rashin lalacewa a cikin matsakaici zai shafar fenti na marigayi marisal.
Phosphate Esphate Wulmersants ne gaurayawan Monesers, Diesterers, saura na saura da phosphororic acid.
Phosphate Esphate Wulmers Daraja Dalilin bambance-bambancen ban sha'awa, haɗe da masu amsawa kamar su na zinc oxide. A cikin girman zanen fenti, yana inganta mai sheki da rashin ƙarfi. Ba kamar sauran reting da watsawa da ƙari ba, ƙari na phosphate m wulsan watsawa ba ya shafar KU da Icichate na danko KU da Icifate na shafi.
Polyacid mai ban sha'awa, kamar Tamol 1254 da tamol 850, tamol 850 shine rashin daidaituwa na methacrylic acid. Pololymer copolymer watsawa, kamar OroNan 731A, wanda yake shi ne ɗan kasuwa na Diisobutylene da Maleic acid. Halayen waɗannan nau'ikan watsawa guda biyu sune cewa suna samar da adsorption mai ƙarfi don samar da sarƙoƙi a saman sarkar lantarki, kuma suna da ƙarin ƙwayoyin cuta don samun sakamako mai ƙarfi. Don yin watsawa suna da ban tsoro mai kyau, dole ne a sarrafa ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayoyin cuta. Idan nauyin kwayar halitta ya karami, za a sami isasshen steric hana; Idan nauyin kwayar halitta ya yi yawa, masu tsinkaye zai faru. Don watsawa polyacrylate, ana iya samun sakamako mafi kyau idan matakin polymerization shine 12-18.
Sauran nau'ikan watsawa, irin su am-95, suna da sunan sunadarai 2-amino-2-methancy. An gabatar da rukunin amino a saman barbashi na inorganic, da kuma greungiyar hydroxyl ya shimfiɗa zuwa ga ruwa, wanda ke taka rawar gani ta hanyar satarawa. Sakamakon ƙaramin girmansa, steric hana haihuwa. AMP-95 shine yafi maimaitawa PH.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, binciken game da watsawa ya shawo kan matsalar takuma wanda ya haifar da nauyin kwayar cutar kwayar halitta ta babban nauyin kwayar cuta shine ɗayan abubuwan kwayar halittu. Misali, babban kwayar cutar kwayar cuta ta Effis ta Emulsion ta samar sosai ga watsawa kan masana'antu na ruwa, kuma tana da juriya na ruwa mai kyau.
Groungiyoyin Amino suna da kyakkyawar kusanci ga yawancin aladu ta hanyar-tushe ko haɗin hydrogen. Block copolymer watsawa tare da aminoacrylic acid kamar yadda aka kula da anching rukuni da aka kula da shi.
Watsawa tare da Dimethaminiethyl Methacrylate kamar Kungiyar Anchoring
Ana amfani da Tego Dispers 655 Wetting da watsawa ana amfani da shi a cikin Waterborne Autkorne Autkorne Paints din ba kawai ga daidaitattun kayan kwalliya ba har ma don hana foda na alumini.
Saboda damuwa na muhalli, an inganta shi mai jujjuyawa da wayoyin takaici, kamar su ta hanyar yawo Twin-tantanin halitta, waɗanda ke da ƙarancin watsawa da watsawa.
2 Defoamer:
Akwai nau'ikan masu zane-zane na kayan ruwa da yawa, waɗanda aka raba cikin rukuni uku na rukuni-iri: waɗanda za a iya halartar ƙwararraki.
Ana amfani da hanyoyin ma'adinai na ma'adinai na ma'adinai, galibi a cikin ɗakin kwana da sikelin zango na latex.
Polysiloxane suna da tashin hankali na polysiloxane suna da tashin hankali mai ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi da karfin rigakafi, kuma idan aka yi amfani da lahani da aka ɗora da su.
An rufe hanyoyin fenti na gargajiya na gargajiya sun zama basu dace da ruwa ba don cimma manufar defoaming, don haka yana da sauki samar da lahani a cikin fim.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an bunkasa matakan matakan-matakin.
Wannan wakili na antifoaming ne polymer wanda aka kirkira ta kai tsaye grafing antifooging abubuwa masu aiki a kan mai ɗaukar kaya. Sarkar kwayar cutar ta polymer yana da rukunin Hydroxyl, an rarraba duk wani abu mai aiki a kusa da kwayoyin, abu mai aiki ba shi da sauƙi a tara shi, kuma dacewa da tsarin shafi yana da kyau. Irin wannan matakan-kwayar cuta ta kwayar halitta - Foamstar A10, Silicon-dauke da jerin, da mara silicon, mara siliki na maraice - spamstar MF jerin.
Hakanan an bayar da rahoton cewa wannan matakin-matakin wanda aka bayyana yana amfani da polymers Super-masara, kuma ya sami kyakkyawan sakamako a aikace-aikacen zane-zane. Air samfuran kwayar halitta-sa mai ladabi ya ruwaito ta hanyar Stout et al. Wani wakilin sarrafa na Acetylelene glycol ne mai sarrafa glycol da kuma defoamer tare da kayan wanki, kamar Surfynol MD 20 kuma Surfynol DF 37.
Bugu da kari, domin haduwa da bukatun samar da samar da sifili-voc silings, akwai kuma upo netoamers voc-kyauta, kamar Agitan 315, agitana E 255, da dai sauransu.
3 thickeners:
Akwai nau'ikan thickeners da yawa, a halin yanzu ana amfani da su ether da abubuwan da suka haifar da thickeens, Hase) da kuma polyurethane da kuka da kyau (Heur).
3.1. PRELYHALUS ESHER DA KYAUTATA
An fara samar da Slell Cellulose (HEC) wanda kamfanin Kamfanin Kamfanin Unionungiyar Union Carrbide aka samar da shi a shekara ta 1932, kuma tana da tarihi fiye da shekaru 70. A halin yanzu, da masu satar cutar sel da kayan kwalliyarsa galibi sun hada da sel mai salo (Hyl Hydroxypyl (etec), ethyl hydroxyp Gum, da sauransu, waɗannan, waɗannan maganganun da ba na ionic ba ne, kuma suna cikin yawan lokacin ruwa da ba a haɗa su ba. Daga cikin su, HEC shine mafi yawanci ana amfani da shi a cikin fenti.
Hydrophobibically modlified pel (hmhec) ya gabatar da karamin adadin alkilan alkon-sarkar raffa a kan sel-100, da natrosol da sg-100, bermocol ehm-100. Tasirin da aka yiwa tunani yana kama da na cellulose ether thickkeers tare da mafi girma kwayoyin ƙwayoyin nauyi. Yana inganta danko da kuma matakin ICI, kuma yana rage tashin hankali, kamar tashin hankali na HEC yana kusan 67MN / m, da kuma tashin hankali na Hmhec shine 55-65m.
3.2 alkali-swellable thickener
Alkali-Swelllable sun kasu kashi biyu: Aljani mai ban sha'awa alkyali-swellable thckeeners (Hase), wato sweckeic thrienic. Ase mai hade shine polyackrylate alkali kumburi emulsion. Mai ban haushi Hase shine keɓaɓɓiyar gyaran ƙwayar cuta mai kumburi da alkali kumburi emulsion.
3.3. Polyurethane thickener da hydrophobballically canza gyaran da ba palyurethane ba
Polyurehane Thickerner, ana kiranta Heur, wani yanki ne mai son hyurthane na polyurer ruwa mai narkewa, wanda ke cikin mai godiya wanda ya nuna tabbaci. Heur yana hade da sassa uku: Kungiyar Hydrophobic, Sarkar Hydrophilic da rukunin Polyurthane. Kungiyar ta Hydrophobic tana taka rawa ta hanyar ci gaba kuma ita ce tabbataccen tsari na Thickening, da yawa da aka yi amfani da shi da kayan kwalliya, kamar su paclexyethylene da abubuwan polyoxyethylene da abubuwan da aka yi. An kara jerin gwanon kwayoyin da aka gabatar, kamar Ipdi, TDI da HMDI. Tsarin tsarin da aka mai da hankali shine cewa an dakatar da su ta hanyar hydrophobic ƙungiyoyi. Koyaya, matakin canjin kungiyoyin hydrophobic a duka biyun da ya ƙare wasu magudanar da ke faruwa yana ƙasa da 0.9, kuma mafi kyawun shine kawai 1.7. Ya kamata a kula da abin da aka yi a hankali don samun faɗakarwa na polyurethane tare da kunkuntar nauyin ƙwayoyin nauyi da kuma tsayayyen aiki. Yawancin magunguna sun hade ta hanyar polymerization, don haka yana da herurs na samuwa iri daban-daban na manyan nauyin kwayoyin halitta.
Richey et al. An yi amfani da mai kyalli mai hoto Pyrene Thickeriner (Pat, Matsakaicin matsakaicin yawan nauyin kilogiram 60000) don gano nauyin kilogiram 600), da pat shine kusan 25. Yankin Pat Thicker ya mamaye shi a farfajiya na barbashi na latex shine kusan 13 nm2, wanda yake game da wakilin da aka mamaye ta 0.9 NM2. Wanda ke nuna rashin tausayi na polyurethane Thickeren kamar RM-2020NPR, DSX 1550, da sauransu.
Ci gaban da ke cikin tsabtace muhalli mai son yanayi ya sami nutsuwa. Misali, Byk-425 wani voc- da kuma apeo-freaddamar da keɓaɓɓen URERETHane Thickener. Rhealasy 210, BorChi Gell 0434, Togo Emcoplllus 3010, 3030 kuma 3060 Shin, Tarihin Polyurethane ba tare da VOC da Apeo ba.
Baya ga layin da ke tattare da na cikin fili da aka bayyana a sama, akwai kuma tsagewa-kamar hadari na polyurethane. Abin da ake kira Extungiyar da ake kira Tarihin Polyurethane Polyurener yana nufin cewa akwai wani rukuni na hydrophobic na hydrophobic a tsakiyar matatun kowane kwarayoyin. Irin waɗannan thickkeers a matsayin SCT-200 da SCT-275 da sauransu.
Hydrophobobically gyara tsayayyen zaki (hydrophobiby ta gyara game da Aminoxhobic Thicker-zafi) ya canza aminorophobic na Musamman tsakanin hudu. A cikin na al'ada kungiyoyi na hydrophobic ƙungiyoyi, akwai wasu rukunoni biyu masu hydrophobic da aka kera su, kamar har zuwa 8%. Tabbas, wannan ma hade kenan. Wannan tsararren Hydrophobic na Hydrophobic na iya hana dankan fenti daga faduwa saboda ƙari na surfactants da glycol da aka ƙara lokacin da aka ƙara launi. Dalilin shi ne cewa ƙungiyoyin masu ƙarfi hydrophobic zasu iya hana nunin faifai, da kuma ƙungiyoyin hydrophobic da yawa suna da ƙungiyar ƙarfafa. Irin waɗannan thickkeers kamar yadda TVIFO TVS.
Hydrophobobic gyara Thickener (Hmpe) da aikin Hydether yayi kama da Heur, kuma samfuran samfuran sun hada da NHS300 na Hercules.
Hanyar da aka yiwa izgili shine sakamakon haɗin gwiwar hydrogen da haɗin gwiwar ƙarshen kungiyoyin. Idan aka kwatanta da alamun na yau da kullun, yana da mafi kyawun kayan aikin rigakafi da anti-sag. Dangane da daban-daban polaries na karshen kungiyoyin, an gyara polyurea Thickery zuwa iri uku: Matsakaicin Polyure Polelurea Thickeners da manyan polarty polyurea thickeners. Ana amfani da biyu na farko don sutturar sutturar gashi, yayin da ake iya amfani da sutturar polyurea da kayan kwalliya don ingantaccen mayafin da aka samar da ruwa da kuma kayan aikin ruwa. Kasuwancin kasuwanci na ƙananan polarity, matsakaici polarity da babban polarty polynurea Thickers ne Byk-411, byk-410 da kuma bi da bi.
Gyara Polyamide Wax SLurry shine gyaran ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar gabatar da ƙungiyoyin hydrophilic kamar yadda suke cikin jerin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta. A halin yanzu, ana shigo da wasu samfuran kuma ana amfani da shi yadda ake amfani da su don daidaita yanayin da kuma inganta anti-faritopy. Anti-sag aiki.
Lokacin Post: Nuwamba-22-2022