1. Bukatar riƙewar ruwa
Duk nau'ikan tushe waɗanda ke buƙatar turmi don gini suna da takamaiman matakin ruwa sha. Bayan tushe na bushewa ruwan a cikin turmi, saukar da turmi zai lalace, kuma a lokuta masu rauni a cikin turmi mai wuya, suna haifar da turmi don fashewa. Idan plastering turmi ya sami aikin mai riƙe ruwa mai dacewa, ba wai kawai inganta aikin turmi ba, har ma yana da ruwa a cikin turɓaya da kuma tabbatar da isasshen hydration na ciminti.
2. Matsaloli tare da hanyoyin da ake riƙe da ruwa na gargajiya
Magani na gargajiya shine ruwa a gindi, amma ba shi yiwuwa a tabbatar da cewa tushe yana da janta shi. Ainihin hydation manufa na ciminti yana tursasawa a tushe shine ciminti hydration prefs tare da tushe, da kuma samar da ingantaccen ƙarfin "Motsion" tare da tushe, don cimma ƙarfin haɗin da ake buƙata. Watering kai tsaye a farfajiya na tushe zai haifar da mummunan watsawa a cikin shan ruwa sakamakon zazzabi, lokacin shayarwa, da kuma daidaituwa. The gindi bashi da karfin ruwa kuma zai ci gaba da shan ruwan a cikin turmi. Kafin ciminti ya ci gaba, ruwan yana tunawa, wanda ke shafar hydration ciminti da shigarwar samfurori cikin matrix; The gindi yana da babban ruwa ruwa, kuma ruwan a cikin turmi ya gudana zuwa gindi. Matsakaicin ƙaura mai sauri yana da jinkirin, har ma da wani lokaci mai arzikin ruwa ana ƙirƙirar tsakanin turmi da matrix, wanda shima yana shafar ƙarfin haɗin. Therefore, using the common base watering method will not only fail to effectively solve the problem of high water absorption of the wall base, but will affect the bonding strength between the mortar and the base, resulting in hollowing and cracking.
3. Bukatar na harsuna daban-daban na riƙe ruwa
Rage ƙarancin riƙewar ruwa don samfuran samfuran filassi da aka yi amfani da su a wani yanki da kuma a wuraren da ake samarwa iri ɗaya yanayin da ke ƙasa.
①heigh ruwa sha tsayuwar substering plasering
Babban ruwa mai ruwa subcast sun wakilci ta hanyar jirgin sama-tsallake da karuwa, gami da allon partseight masu haske daban-daban, toshe, da sauransu, suna da sifofin karfin ruwa da dogon lokaci. Yawan matattarar turmi da aka yi amfani da shi don irin wannan tushe ya kamata ya sami nauyin riƙewar riƙe ruwa ba ƙasa da 88%.
②low rashawar ruwa substrate plaseri
Lowerarancin ruwa mai ruwa subprates wakilta ne ya wakilta ta hanyar Cast-in-Poulures don allon Polystyrene don rufin bango na waje, da sauransu, sun da ƙaramar sha ruwa. Yakamata ya yi amfani da irin wannan masarufi da aka yi amfani dashi don irin waɗannan subtrates yakamata su sami kuɗin riƙe ruwa na ba kasa da kashi 88%.
③thin plastering turmi
Aljirar da ke bakin ciki-Layer-Layer yana nufin aikin da aka sanya wa kayan kwalliya tare da kauri mai kauri tsakanin 3 da 8 mm. Irin wannan salon aikin gini yana da sauƙin rasa danshi saboda ƙarshen ɗakunan ƙasa, wanda ke shafar aiki da ƙarfi. Ga turmi da aka yi amfani da irin wannan nau'in plastering, yawan riƙe mai riƙe da ruwa ba ƙasa da 99%.
④thick plastering turmi
Thick layer plastering refers to the plastering construction where the thickness of one plastering layer is between 8mm and 20mm. Irin wannan aikin ginin aikin ba shi da sauki ya rasa ruwa saboda lokacin farin ciki plastering, don haka yawan riƙe riƙewar riƙewar ruwa kada ya zama ƙasa da 88%.
Ufare-resty ptty
Ana amfani da Putty na ruwa mai tsauri azaman kayan ɗabi'a mai ɗabi'a, da kuma ƙarfin gina jiki na keɓance tsakanin 1 da 2mm. Irin waɗannan kayan suna buƙatar yawancin kaddarorin rukawar ruwa don tabbatar da aikinsu da ƙarfin haɗin su. Don kayan putty kayan, bai kamata adadin riƙe mai riƙe da ruwa ba, 99%, da kuma yawan riƙe riƙe riƙe da ruwa na putty don ganuwar waje ya kamata ya fi na ganuwar ciki don ganuwar ciki.
4. Nau'in kayan aikin ruwa
Pel ether
1) methyl prelulose ethen (MC)
2) hydroxypyl methyl selululose ether (hpmc)
3) sel sel sel (hec)
4) Carboxymose na Carboxymethyl ether (CMC)
5) hydroxyethyl methyl selululue ether (hemc)
Sitaci irether
1) gyaran sitaci ether
2) Guar eth
Canjin ruwa mai mahimmanci na ma'adinai (Montmorillonite, Bentonite, da sauransu)
Biyar, mai zuwa ya mayar da hankali kan aikin kayan daban-daban
1. Eler Eret
1.1 Bayyanar hoto na sel
Elethulose ether shine gaba ɗaya kalmar don jerin abubuwan samfuran da aka kirkira ta hanyar amsawar alkali sel ta alkali da wakili na Eleration a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi. Ana samun cikakkiyar sel mai daban saboda an maye gurbin Alkali Fir ta hanyar Jiran Etlatalifware daban. Dangane da kayan adon ionization na sumbinsa, pelloose za a iya raba su zuwa rukuni biyu: Ionic, kamar sel Carboxulose (CMC), da kuma ba na Sellulose na Metyl (MC) ba.
Dangane da nau'ikan m, sel masu sel za a iya samarwa zuwa mono, kamar su sel mai sel methyl, da kuma hade Elloxyl Carboxylulose ether (hecmc). A cewar daban-daban hade da ta narke, ana iya kasu kashi biyu: ruwa-mai narkewa da kwayar cuta mai narkewa.
1.2 Babban nau'ikan sel
CarboxyMethylcelcelacce (CMC), Matsayi na Sauƙaƙe: 0.4-1.4; wakili na eheration, acid monooxyacetic acid; Narkar da sauran ƙarfi, ruwa;
Carboxymethyl Hyboxyemethyl Hyboxylyehyl Sel (cmhec), Devidationungiyar Siyarwa ta Sauyawa: 0.7-1.0; Wakilin EThertiation, Monooxyacetic acid, Ethylene oxide; Narkar da sauran ƙarfi, ruwa;
Methylcellulose (MC), Digiri na Sauƙaƙe: 1.5-2.4; wakili, wakili Methyl chloride; Narkar da sauran ƙarfi, ruwa;
Slell sel sel (hec), digiri na amfani da canzawa: 1.3.0; Wakilin eheration, Ethylene oxide; Narkar da sauran ƙarfi, ruwa;
Hydroxyethyl methylcellulhin (hemc), digiri na yau da kullun canzawa: 1.5.0; Wakili na ETRITTA, Ethylene oxide, methyl chloride; Narkar da sauran ƙarfi, ruwa;
Slell Cellululose (HPC), Matsayi na Canji: 2.5-3.5; Wakilin eheration, propylelene iris. Narkar da sauran ƙarfi, ruwa;
Hydroxypyl methylcelose (hpmc), digiri na yau da kullun na sauya: 1.5.0; Wakilin EThertiation, propylelene oxide, methyl chloride; Narkar da sauran ƙarfi, ruwa;
Ellulose na ethyl (EC), Digiri na Canji: 2.3-2.6; wakili wakili, monochloroethane; Narkar da sauran ƙarfi, ƙwayoyin cuta;
Ethyl hydroxyl sel (Ehec), digiri na yau da kullun canzawa: 2.4-2.8; Wakilin EThertiation, Monochloroethane, Ethylene oxide; Narkar da sauran ƙarfi, ƙwayoyin cuta;
1.3 kaddarorin sel
1.3.1 Methyl Slellulose Elther (MC)
HissethylLulose yana da narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, kuma zai zama da wahala a narke cikin ruwan zafi. Maganin ta ruwa mai ruwa yana da kwanciyar hankali a cikin kewayon PH = 3-12. Yana da dacewa da kyau tare da sitaci, guar gum, da sauransu da surfacits da yawa. Lokacin da zazzabi ya kai yawan zafin jiki, gection faruwa.
Mai riƙe da ruwa na ruwa ya dogara da ƙimar ƙwararrun ta, danko, ƙarancin barbashi da rushewa. Gabaɗaya, idan yawan ƙari yana da girma, ƙimar ƙanana ce, kuma ƙwarawar tana da girma, ƙwayar ruwa tana da girma. Daga gare su, yawan ƙari yana da tasiri mafi girma akan riƙewar ruwa, kuma mafi ƙasƙanci danko ba daidai gwargwado ga matakin riƙe ruwa ba. Ragewar da aka rushe ya dogara da digiri na gyaran farfajiya na barbashi mai ɗorewa da ƙimar ƙarancin barbashi. Tsakanin sel wanda yake, methyl sellulose yana da yawan riƙe ruwa.
Bangaren zazzabi zai shafi yawan riƙe riƙewar mai amfani da ruwan metyl. Gabaɗaya, mafi girman zafin jiki, mafi muni da ruwa riƙe. Idan turanci zazzabi ya wuce 40 ° C, sel metyl sel metyl zai zama matalauta sosai, wanda zai shafi gina turmin.
④ Metyl Preelululose yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan ginin da kuma m metheion na turmi. The "Adshon" Ga wani mawuyacin karfi da ya ji tsakanin kayan aiki na ma'aikaci da bango substrate, wannan shine, garkuwar juriya na turmi. Idovesceny yana da yawa, juriyar gado na turmi yana da girma, ma'aikata suna buƙatar ƙarin ƙarfi yayin amfani, kuma aikin ginin na turmin ya zama matalauta. Methyl Slellulose mai adhesion yana a matakin matsakaici a cikin samfuran sel eth.
1.3.2 Hydroxypyl Methyl Brellululous Ether (HPMC)
Hydroxypyl methyplulose samfurin fiber ne wanda abubuwan fitarwa da kuma amfani da sauri suna ƙaruwa cikin sauri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.
Pel ne mai launin toka ba a haɗa ether da aka sanya daga auduga bayan ado ba bayan alkyabbai, ta amfani da opylene oxide da methyl chloride oxide, kuma ta jerin halayen. Digiri na Canji gabaɗaya 1.5-2.0. Abubuwan da ke da su sun sha bamban ne saboda tsararren methoxyl da hydroxypropyl abun ciki. Babban metoxyl abun ciki da ƙananan hydroxypropyl, wasan kwaikwayon yana kusa da sel metyl; Abun ƙasa da metoxyl da kuma abun cikin hydroxypropyl, wasan kwaikwayon yana kusa da sel na hydroxypyl.
Thhhhhhydroxypoyl methylcelose yana sauƙin narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, kuma zai zama da wahala a narke cikin ruwan zafi. Amma yawan zafin jikinta a cikin ruwan zafi yana da muhimmanci sosai fiye da na sel methyl. Karatun a cikin ruwan sanyi shima ya inganta idan aka kwatanta da Methyl Pelullulose.
Hydrochoren na hydroxypropyl methylcellulopyl methylcellulose ne ya danganta da nauyin kwayar halitta, da kuma mafi girman nauyin kwayar halitta, mafi girma danko. Zazzabi yana shafar danko, kamar yadda zafin jiki yana ƙaruwa, danko ya ragu. Amma dankalinta ba shi da ƙarancin zafin jiki fiye da prelulose na methyl. Maganinta yana da kwanciyar hankali lokacin da aka adana a zazzabi a ɗakin.
Wethe Rufewar ruwa na hydroxypropyl methylcellulopyl methylcellulose ya dogara da ƙimar ƙwararrun ƙwararraki, danko, da sauransu, da yawan ƙarfin riƙewar ƙwayar cuta ya fi na cellulose na Metyl.
Thhhhhydroxypyl methylcelose ne ya tabbata ga acid da alkali, da maganin ruwa mai ruwa mai ruwa yana da kwanciyar hankali a cikin kewayon PH = 2-12. Caustic soda da ruwan lemun tsami suna da isasshen sakamako a kan aikinsa, amma alkali na iya hanzarta rushewa da rushewarsa da ɗanɗana dankanta. Hydroxypyl methylcelose ne barayi ga salts na kowa, amma lokacin da maida hankali ne na gishiri bayani yana da yawa, danko na hydroxypropyl methylcellulo bayani yana ƙaruwa.
Thhydroxypyl methylcelose za a iya gauraye da ruwa mai narkewa don samar da ingantaccen bayani tare da danko mai girma. Kamar giya na polyvinyl, sitaci educh, kayan lambu gum, da sauransu.
Hydroxypomropyl methylcelose ya fi enzyme juriya da methylcellulose, kuma maganinta ba zai yuwu lalata da enzylellose ba.
Ryshen hydroxypropyl methylcellililililililulose zuwa turmi gini ya fi na Methylcellulose.
1.3.3 HydroxYethyl Sel Gydroxy Eher (HEC)
An yi shi ne daga auduga da aka girka tare da alkali, kuma an yiwa shi tare da Ethylene oxide oxide a matsayin wakili mai eThoration a gaban acetone. Digiri na Canji gabaɗaya 1.5-2.0. Yana da karfi hydrophility kuma yana da sauƙin sha danshi.
Pelluloxyl Pelluloose pellockyl pellinlulose yana narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, amma yana da wuya a narke cikin ruwan zafi. Maganinta yana da kwanciyar hankali a tsananin zafin jiki ba tare da glelling. Ana iya amfani da shi na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin babban zazzabi a cikin turzurrika a cikin turmi, amma riƙe ta ruwa tayi ƙasa da na sel methyl.
Pell ②hhhydroxyethyl Sel ya tabbata zuwa Janar Acid da Alkali. Alkali na iya hanzarin rushewarsa da ɗanɗana danko. Takaitawarsa cikin ruwa ya dan kara muni da sel methyl da hydroxypropyl methyl selulose.
Pellerluloxyl pelluloseathyl pellose yana da kyau anti aikin turmi, amma yana da lokaci mai tsawo na ciminti.
Cikakken aikin selulćulose na Hydroxyl -yl ya samar da wasu masana'antar gida a fili a bayyane yake a bayyane yake na sel methyl saboda babban abun ciki.
1.3.4 Carboxymethyl Selell Sel Elther (CMC) an yi shi ne da fibers (auduga, hemp, da sauransu) bayan magani na alkalia, kuma ana yin amfani da jerin jiyya mai amfani don yin jerin gwanon Sion. Matsayi na canzawa gaba daya ne 0.4-1.4, kuma aikinta ya shafi matsayin yanayin canji.
Celloxymocke ①arkoe pellockyl sel ne manya, kuma zai iya dauke da ruwa mai yawa lokacin da aka adana a karkashin yanayin gaba daya.
Ellluloxymehymethyl celluloous bayani bayani ba zai samar da gel, kuma danko zai ragu tare da karuwar zazzabi. Lokacin da zazzabi ya wuce 50 ℃, amsar ba ta da ma'ana.
③ Dalagawarta ta shafa sosai da PH. Gabaɗaya, ana iya amfani dashi a cikin turmin-na tushen gypsum, amma ba a cikin turmi da ke da tushe ba. A lokacin da sosai alkaline sosai, yana rasa danko.
Methys ruwanta ruwa yayi ƙasa da na sel methyl. Yana da sakamako mai ritaya akan turmi na gypsum kuma yana rage ƙarfinta. Koyaya, farashin ƙwayar carboxymose yana da ƙasa da ƙarancin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwallo.
2. Gyara sitaci ether
Starch ehers da aka yi amfani da shi gaba ɗaya a cikin mortors an inganta su daga polymers na wasu polysaccharides. Kamar dankalin turawa, masara, rassa, wake wake, an gyara sauransu cikin sitacifun da aka gyara daban-daban. Starch Ehers da aka saba amfani da shi a cikin turmi shine Hydroxypropyl sitaci ubu, hydroxymethyl sitaci ether ether, da sauransu.
Gabaɗaya, sitaci Kebulers sun inganta daga dankali, masara, da Cassava suna riƙe ƙananan ruwan ruwa da yawa. Saboda bambancin digiri na daban, yana nuna kwanciyar hankali ga acid da alkali. Wasu samfurori sun dace da amfani a cikin mors na gypsum, yayin da wasu ba za a iya amfani dasu a cikin matattararsu ta hanyar ba. Aikace-aikacen sitaci ether a turmi ana amfani da shi azaman mai kauri don inganta kayan rigakafi na turmi, ku rage mankin rigar turgi, da tsawanta lokacin budewar.
Ana amfani da sitaci waɗanda ake amfani da su tare da selulose, sakamakon ingantaccen kayan kwalliya da fa'idodin samfuran biyu. Tun lokacin da samfuran scer art ar ar ar ars ne fi mai rahusa fiye da Elel Elder, aikace-aikacen sitaci ether zai haifar da raguwa mai yawa na farashin mai.
3. Guar gum ether
Guar gum eth eth eth eth ethaccharide polysaccharide tare da kaddarorin musamman, wanda aka inganta daga guar guar. Da yawa ta hanyar amsawa tsakanin guar gum da acrylic aiki kungiyoyin, an kafa tsarin 2-hydroxypropyl an samar da tsari.
Enercardoadd da etherulose ether, guar ether ya fi sauƙi a narke cikin ruwa. PH m ba shi da tasiri a kan aikin guar gum ether.
②under yanayin ƙarancin danko da ƙananan gunan, guar gum na iya maye gurbin sel mai daidai, kuma yana riƙe da riƙewar ruwa irin wannan. Amma daidaito, anti-sag, lafazin da sauransu a bayyane yake inganta.
Ya danganta yanayin ingantaccen danko da babban sashi, guar gum ba zai iya maye gurbin Elder Eher, da kuma hade da amfani da biyun za su samar da kyakkyawan aiki.
Et A aikace-aikacen Guar Gum a cikin nau'in-Gypsum-tushen zai iya rage tasirin tasirin lokacin gini da kuma sanya aikin ya yi ruwa. Ba shi da tasiri mai illa a kan lokaci da ƙarfi na turmi na gypsum.
A lokacin da Guar Gum yake amfani da Masonry-tushen Masonry da kuma plastering eth ether, da kuma samar da turmi tare da mafi kyawun juriya, stixotropy da subsarancin ginin.
⑥ turmi tare da babban danko da babban abun ciki na mai riƙe wakilin ruwa, guar gum da etherin sel zai yi aiki tare don cimma sakamako.
Hakanan za'a iya amfani da gum gum a cikin kayayyaki kamar adalcin tala, ƙasa da jami'ai na matakin kai, da putty turmi don rufin bango.
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Ana amfani da Thickerin da aka yi amfani da shi da ma'adanai na halitta ta hanyar gyara da kuma haɗin gwiwa a China. Babban ma'adanai da ake amfani da su don shirya ƙarar ruwa-daukin ruwa sune: Sepiolite, Bentonite, Montmororilonite, Kaolin, da sauran ma'adanai na ta hanyar gyara kamar na yau da kullun. Irin wannan ruwa mai riƙe da hoto yana amfani da turmi yana da waɗannan halaye.
Idan zai iya inganta aikin turmi na talakawa, da kuma warware matsalolin batutuwa mara kyau na turmi na ciminti, karfin turmi, da matattarar ruwa mara kyau.
Products ② QG samfuran tare da matakan ƙara ƙarfi don manyan masana'antu da gine-ginen da aka iya tantancewa.
Ethe farashin abu yana da ƙasa.
M ruwa mai riƙe ruwa yana ƙasa da na wakilan masu riƙe da ruwa, da kuma bushewar shrinkage na tattalin turmi yana da girma babba, kuma an rage cesevenessess.
Lokaci: Mar-03-2023