Gabatarwa zuwa Auduga da Cellulose
Auduga, fiber na halitta da aka samu daga shukar auduga, da farko ya ƙunshi cellulose. Cellulose, wani hadadden carbohydrate, shine babban abin da ke cikin ganuwar tantanin halitta a cikin tsire-tsire, yana ba da tallafi na tsari. Ciro zaren cellulose daga auduga ya haɗa da raba zaruruwan cellulose daga sauran abubuwan da ke cikin shukar auduga, kamar lignin, hemicellulose, da pectin.
Anatomy Shuka auduga
Fahimtar tsarin halittar auduga yana da mahimmanci don hakar cellulose. Filayen auduga sune iri trichomes, waɗanda ke tasowa daga ƙwayoyin epidermal na ƙwayar auduga. Waɗannan zaruruwa sun ƙunshi galibi na cellulose, tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin sunadarai, waxes, da sukari. Filayen auduga suna girma a cikin bolls, waɗanda su ne capsules masu kariya waɗanda ke tattare da tsaba.
Tsarin Hakar Cellulose
Girbi: Tsarin yana farawa tare da girbi ƙwanƙolin auduga masu girma daga tsire-tsire na auduga. Girbin injina ita ce hanyar da aka fi sani da ita, inda injuna ke cire bolls daga tsirrai.
Ginning: Bayan girbi, auduga yakan sha ginning, inda ake raba tsaba da zaruruwa. Wannan tsari ya haɗa da wuce auduga ta hanyar injin gin wanda ke cire tsaba daga zaruruwa.
Tsaftacewa: Da zarar an rabu da tsaba, zaren auduga ana yin tsaftacewa don cire datti kamar datti, ganye, da sauran kayan shuka. Wannan mataki yana tabbatar da cewa cellulose da aka fitar yana da tsabta.
Carding: Carding tsari ne na inji wanda ke daidaita zaren auduga zuwa gidan yanar gizo na bakin ciki. Yana kawar da duk wasu ƙazanta kuma yana daidaita zaruruwa a cikin shiri don ƙarin sarrafawa.
Degumming: Zaɓuɓɓukan auduga sun ƙunshi ƙazanta na halitta kamar su waxes, pectin, da hemicelluloses, tare da ake kira "danko." Degumming ya ƙunshi zalunta auduga tare da mafita na alkaline ko enzymes don cire waɗannan ƙazantattun.
Bleaching: Bleaching mataki ne na zaɓi amma galibi ana amfani da shi don ƙara tsarkake zaruruwan cellulose da haɓaka farin su. Ana iya amfani da abubuwa daban-daban na bleaching kamar hydrogen peroxide ko abubuwan chlorine a cikin wannan tsari.
Mercerization: Mercerization ya ƙunshi zalunta cellulose zaruruwa tare da caustic alkali bayani, yawanci sodium hydroxide. Wannan tsari yana ƙara ƙarfin fibers, haske, da kusanci ga rini, yana sa su fi dacewa da aikace-aikace daban-daban.
Acid Hydrolysis: A wasu lokuta, musamman don dalilai na masana'antu, ana iya amfani da hydrolysis na acid don ƙara rushe cellulose zuwa ƙarami, ƙarin nau'in barbashi. Wannan tsari ya ƙunshi bi da cellulose tare da tsarma acid a ƙarƙashin yanayin sarrafawa don samar da haɗin gwiwar glycosidic, samar da guntun sarƙoƙi na cellulose ko nanocrystals cellulose.
Wankewa da bushewa: Bayan maganin sinadarai, ana wanke filayen cellulose sosai don cire duk wani sinadari ko ƙazanta. Daga baya, zaruruwan suna bushewa zuwa abun cikin da ake so.
Aikace-aikace na Pure Cellulose
Tsaftataccen cellulose da aka samu daga auduga yana samun aikace-aikace a masana'antu daban-daban:
Tufafi: Zaɓuɓɓukan Cellulose ana jujjuya su cikin yadudduka kuma ana saka su cikin yadudduka don sutura, kayan masarufi na gida, da aikace-aikacen masana'antu.
Takarda da Takarda: Cellulose shine babban sashi na takarda, allo, da samfuran kwali.
Biofuels: Ana iya canza cellulose zuwa biofuels kamar ethanol ta hanyar matakai kamar enzymatic hydrolysis da fermentation.
Masana'antun Abinci da Magunguna: Ana amfani da abubuwan da suka samo asali na Cellulose azaman masu kauri, masu daidaitawa, da emulsifiers a cikin abinci da samfuran magunguna.
Kayan shafawa: Ana amfani da abubuwan da suka samo asali na Cellulose a cikin kayan kwalliya da samfuran kulawa na sirri don kauri da kaddarorin su.
Ciro tsantsar cellulose daga auduga ya ƙunshi jerin hanyoyin injuna da sinadarai da nufin raba filayen cellulose daga sauran sassan shukar auduga da tsarkake su. Fahimtar tsarin halittar shukar auduga da yin amfani da dabarun da suka dace kamar su ginning, lalata, bleaching, da mercerization yana da mahimmanci don samun ingantaccen cellulose. Tsaftataccen cellulose da aka samu daga auduga yana da aikace-aikace iri-iri a cikin masana'antu, kama daga masaku da yin takarda zuwa man fetur da magunguna, yana mai da shi albarkatun ƙasa mai amfani da ƙima.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-25-2024