1. Babban aikin ether cellulose
A cikin turmi da aka shirya, ether cellulose shine babban ƙari wanda aka ƙara a cikin ƙananan adadin amma zai iya inganta aikin rigar turmi kuma yana tasiri aikin ginin turmi.
2. Nau'in ethers cellulose
Samar da ether cellulose yafi sanya na halitta zaruruwa ta hanyar alkali rushewa, grafting dauki (etherification), wanka, bushewa, nika da sauran matakai.
Bisa ga manyan albarkatun kasa, za a iya raba filaye na halitta zuwa: auduga fiber, cedar fiber, beech fiber, da dai sauransu. Matsayin su na polymerization ya bambanta, wanda ke rinjayar danko na ƙarshe na samfuran su.A halin yanzu, manyan masana'antun cellulose suna amfani da fiber auduga (ta hanyar samfurin nitrocellulose) a matsayin babban albarkatun kasa.
Ana iya raba ethers na cellulose zuwa ionic da nonionic.Nau'in ionic galibi ya haɗa da gishirin carboxymethyl cellulose, kuma nau'in da ba na ionic ya haɗa da methyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl (propyl) cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, da sauransu.
A halin yanzu, ethers cellulose da ake amfani da su a cikin shirye-shiryen turmi sun hada da methyl cellulose ether (MC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MHEC), methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether (MHPG), hydroxypropyl Methyl cellulose ether (HPMC).A cikin shirye-sanya turmi, saboda ionic cellulose (carboxymethyl cellulose gishiri) ne m a gaban alli ions, shi ne da wuya a yi amfani da shirye-mixed kayayyakin amfani da sumunti, slaked lemun tsami, da dai sauransu a matsayin siminti kayan.A wasu wurare a kasar Sin, ana amfani da gishirin carboxymethyl cellulose a matsayin mai kauri don wasu samfuran cikin gida da aka sarrafa tare da sitaci da aka gyara a matsayin babban kayan siminti da Shuangfei foda a matsayin filler.Wannan samfurin yana da saurin kamuwa da mildew kuma baya jure ruwa, kuma yanzu an cire shi.Hakanan ana amfani da hydroxyethyl cellulose a cikin wasu samfuran da aka shirya, amma yana da ɗan ƙaramin rabon kasuwa.
3. Babban alamun aikin ether cellulose
(1) Solubility
Cellulose wani fili ne na polyhydroxy polymer wanda baya narkewa kuma baya narkewa.Bayan etherification, cellulose ne mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, diluted alkali bayani da kwayoyin kaushi, kuma yana da thermoplasticity.Solubility yafi dogara da dalilai hudu: na farko, solubility ya bambanta da danko, ƙananan danko, mafi girma da solubility.Na biyu, halayen ƙungiyoyin da aka gabatar a cikin tsarin etherification, mafi girma da ƙungiyar ta gabatar, ƙananan solubility;da karin polar da ƙungiyar ta gabatar, da sauƙin ether cellulose shine narke cikin ruwa.Na uku, matakin maye gurbin da kuma rarraba ƙungiyoyin etherified a cikin macromolecules.Yawancin ethers cellulose za a iya narkar da su a cikin ruwa kawai a ƙarƙashin wani matsayi na maye gurbin.Na hudu, matakin polymerization na ether cellulose, mafi girman digiri na polymerization, ƙananan mai narkewa;ƙananan digiri na polymerization, mafi girman iyakar digiri na maye gurbin da za a iya narkar da shi a cikin ruwa.
(2) Riƙe ruwa
Riƙewar ruwa wani muhimmin aiki ne na ether cellulose, kuma yana da aikin da yawancin masana'antun busassun foda na gida, musamman ma waɗanda ke yankunan kudancin da yanayin zafi, suna kula da su.Abubuwan da ke tasiri tasirin riƙewar ruwa na turmi sun haɗa da adadin ether cellulose da aka ƙara, danko, ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta da zafin jiki na yanayin amfani.Mafi girman adadin ether cellulose da aka ƙara, mafi kyawun tasirin riƙewar ruwa;mafi girman danko, mafi kyawun tasirin riƙewar ruwa;mafi kyawun barbashi, mafi kyawun tasirin riƙewar ruwa.
(3) Dankowa
Danko shine muhimmin siga na samfuran ether cellulose.A halin yanzu, masana'antun cellulose ether daban-daban suna amfani da hanyoyi da kayan aiki daban-daban don auna danko.Don samfurin iri ɗaya, sakamakon ɗanko da aka auna ta hanyoyi daban-daban sun bambanta sosai, wasu ma sun ninka bambance-bambance.Sabili da haka, lokacin kwatanta danko, dole ne a aiwatar da shi tsakanin hanyoyin gwaji iri ɗaya, gami da zazzabi, rotor, da sauransu.
Gabaɗaya magana, mafi girman danko, mafi kyawun tasirin riƙewar ruwa.Duk da haka, mafi girman danko, mafi girman nauyin kwayoyin halitta na cellulose ether, da kuma raguwa mai dacewa a cikin solubility zai yi mummunan tasiri akan ƙarfin da aikin ginin turmi.Mafi girma da danko, mafi bayyane tasirin tasiri akan turmi, amma ba daidai ba ne kai tsaye.Mafi girman danko, da ƙarin danko turmi zai kasance.A lokacin ginawa, an nuna shi a matsayin mai mannewa ga scraper da high adhesion zuwa substrate.Amma ba taimako ba ne don ƙara ƙarfin tsarin tsarin jika da kanta.A lokacin gini, aikin anti-sag ba a bayyane yake ba.Akasin haka, wasu matsakaici da ƙananan danko amma gyare-gyaren ethers na methyl cellulose suna da kyakkyawan aiki wajen inganta ƙarfin tsarin jika.
(4) Lalacewar barbashi:
Ana buƙatar ether cellulose da aka yi amfani da shi don turmi da aka shirya don zama foda, tare da ƙananan abun ciki na ruwa, kuma fineness kuma yana buƙatar 20% zuwa 60% na girman barbashi ya zama ƙasa da 63 μm.Rashin lafiya yana rinjayar solubility na ether cellulose.M cellulose ethers yawanci a cikin nau'i na granules, wanda yake da sauki tarwatsa da kuma narkar da a cikin ruwa ba tare da agglomeration, amma narkar da kudi ne sosai jinkirin, don haka ba su dace da amfani a shirye-mixed turmi (wasu na gida kayayyakin ne flocculent). ba mai sauƙin tarwatsawa da narke cikin ruwa ba, kuma mai saurin caking).A cikin turmi da aka shirya, ether cellulose yana tarwatsewa tsakanin tarawa, filaye masu kyau da siminti da sauran kayan siminti.Kyakkyawar isasshen foda kawai zai iya guje wa cellulose ether agglomeration lokacin haɗuwa da ruwa.Lokacin da aka ƙara ether cellulose tare da ruwa don narkar da agglomeration, yana da wuyar tarwatsawa da narke.
(5) Gyaran ether cellulose
Gyaran ether cellulose shine haɓaka aikin sa, kuma shine mafi mahimmancin sashi.The Properties na cellulose ether za a iya inganta don inganta ta wettability, dispersibility, adhesion, thickening, emulsification, ruwa riƙewa da kuma film-forming Properties, kazalika da impermeability ga man fetur.
4. Tasirin zafin yanayi akan riƙe ruwa na turmi
Riƙewar ruwa na ether cellulose yana raguwa tare da karuwar zafin jiki.A aikace-aikace na kayan aiki, ana amfani da turmi sau da yawa a kan zafi mai zafi (mafi girma fiye da 40 ° C) a wurare da yawa.Ragewar riƙewar ruwa ya haifar da tasiri mai tasiri akan aikin aiki da juriya.Dogaro da zafin jiki har yanzu zai haifar da rauni na kayan turmi, kuma yana da mahimmanci musamman don rage tasirin abubuwan zafin jiki a ƙarƙashin wannan yanayin.An daidaita girke-girke na turmi yadda ya kamata, kuma an yi sauye-sauye masu mahimmanci a cikin girke-girke na yanayi.Ko da yake ƙara yawan sashi (maganin lokacin rani), ƙarfin aiki da juriya har yanzu ba zai iya biyan bukatun amfani ba, wanda ke buƙatar wasu jiyya na musamman na ether cellulose, irin su ƙara darajar etherification, da dai sauransu, don haka tasirin riƙewar ruwa zai iya zama. samu a in mun gwada da high zafin jiki.Yana kula da sakamako mafi kyau lokacin da yake da girma, don haka yana samar da mafi kyawun aiki a cikin yanayi mai tsanani.
5. Aikace-aikace a cikin turmi da aka shirya
A cikin turmi da aka shirya, ether cellulose yana taka rawar riƙewar ruwa, yin kauri da haɓaka aikin gini.Kyakkyawan aikin riƙe ruwa yana tabbatar da cewa turmi ba zai haifar da yashi, foda da raguwar ƙarfi ba saboda ƙarancin ruwa da rashin cika ruwa.Tasirin kauri yana haɓaka ƙarfin tsarin tsarin jika.Bugu da kari na cellulose ether iya muhimmanci inganta rigar danko na rigar turmi, kuma yana da kyau danko zuwa daban-daban substrates, game da shi inganta bango yi na rigar turmi da kuma rage sharar gida.Bugu da ƙari, rawar cellulose ether a cikin samfurori daban-daban kuma ya bambanta.Misali, a cikin mannen tayal, ether cellulose na iya ƙara lokacin buɗewa kuma daidaita lokacin;a cikin injin spraying turmi, zai iya inganta tsarin ƙarfin rigar turmi;a matakin kai, zai iya hana sasantawa, Rarrabawa da rarrabuwa.Sabili da haka, a matsayin mahimmancin ƙari, ana amfani da ether cellulose sosai a cikin busassun busassun turmi.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-11-2023