Dry foda turmi ne polymer bushe gauraye turmi ko busassun foda prefabricated turmi.Wani nau'i ne na ciminti da gypsum a matsayin babban kayan tushe.Dangane da buƙatun aikin gini daban-daban, busassun ginin ginin foda da ƙari ana ƙara su cikin wani yanki.Kayan gini ne na turmi wanda za a iya hadawa daidai gwargwado, a kai shi wurin aikin a cikin jaka ko a dunkule, kuma ana iya amfani da shi kai tsaye bayan an zuba ruwa.
Kayayyakin busassun busassun busassun busassun kayayyakin sun hada da busassun tile m, busasshen bangon foda, busassun bangon bango, busassun foda, da sauransu.
Busassun turmi gabaɗaya yana da aƙalla sassa uku: ɗaure, tara, da ƙari na turmi.
Abubuwan da aka haɗa da busassun busassun turmi:
1. Turmi bonding abu
(1) Manne inorganic:
Inorganic adhesives sun hada da talakawa Portland siminti, high alumina ciminti, musamman siminti, gypsum, anhydrite, da dai sauransu.
(2) Abubuwan mannewa na halitta:
Organic m yafi nufin redispersible latex foda, wanda shi ne wani powdery polymer kafa ta daidai feshi bushewa (da zaɓi na dace Additives) na polymer emulsion.A busassun polymer foda da ruwa zama emulsion.Ana iya sake bushewa, ta yadda ƙwayoyin polymer su zama tsarin jikin polymer a cikin turmin siminti, wanda yayi kama da tsarin emulsion na polymer, kuma yana taka rawa wajen gyara turmin siminti.
A cewar daban-daban rabbai, da gyare-gyare na busassun foda turmi tare da redispersible polymer foda iya inganta bonding ƙarfi da daban-daban substrates, da kuma inganta sassauci, deformability, lankwasawa ƙarfi da kuma sa juriya na turmi , tauri, cohesion da yawa kazalika da ruwa riƙewa. iya aiki da ginawa.
The redispersible latex foda don busassun cakuda turmi yafi hada da wadannan iri: ① styrene-butadiene copolymer;② styrene-acrylic acid copolymer;③ vinyl acetate copolymer;④ polyacrylate homopolymer;⑤ Styrene Acetate Copolymer;⑥ Vinyl Acetate-Ethylene Copolymer.
2. Tari:
An raba tara zuwa babban tara da kuma tara mai kyau.Ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke tattare da siminti.Yana aiki ne a matsayin kwarangwal kuma yana rage yawan canjin ƙarar da ke haifar da raguwa da kumburin simintin kayan aiki a lokacin saiti da tsarin aiki, kuma ana amfani da shi azaman filler mai arha don kayan siminti.Akwai tarin abubuwan halitta da na wucin gadi, na farko irin su tsakuwa, tsakuwa, tsakuwa, yashi na halitta, da sauransu;na karshen kamar cinder, slag, ceramsite, fadada perlite, da dai sauransu.
3. Turmi Additives
(1) Cellulose ether:
A cikin busassun turmi, ƙarin adadin ether cellulose yana da ƙasa sosai (yawanci 0.02% -0.7%), amma yana iya inganta aikin rigar turmi, kuma yana da mahimmancin ƙari wanda ke shafar aikin ginin turmi.
A cikin busassun turmi, saboda ionic cellulose ba shi da kwanciyar hankali a gaban ions calcium, ana amfani da shi da wuya a cikin busassun kayan foda masu amfani da siminti, lemun tsami, da dai sauransu a matsayin kayan siminti.Ana kuma amfani da Hydroxyethyl cellulose a cikin wasu busassun kayayyakin foda, amma rabon ya yi kadan.
The cellulose ethers amfani a bushe foda turmi ne yafi hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) da kuma hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC), ake magana a kai a matsayin MC.
Halayen MC: Mannewa da gini abubuwa ne guda biyu da ke shafar juna;riƙewar ruwa, don guje wa ƙawancen ruwa da sauri, ta yadda za a iya rage kauri daga cikin turmi sosai.
(2) anti-crack fiber
Ba ƙirƙira ce ta mutanen zamani ba don haɗa zaruruwa a cikin turmi azaman kayan ƙarfafa faɗakarwa.A zamanin da, kakanninmu sunyi amfani da fibers na halitta a matsayin kayan masarufi da laka don ƙirƙirar kayan haɗin Buddha da laka kaɗan. don gina gidaje, yin amfani da gashin mutum da na dabba wajen gyara murhun wuta, yin amfani da filaye, lemun tsami, da gypsum don fenti bango da yin kayayyakin gypsum iri-iri, da dai sauransu.Ƙara zaruruwa a cikin kayan tushe na siminti don yin gyare-gyaren fiber na tushen siminti abu ne kawai na 'yan shekarun nan.
Kayayyakin siminti, abubuwan da aka gyara ko gine-gine ba makawa za su samar da microcracks da yawa saboda canjin microstructure da girma yayin aikin taurin siminti, kuma za su faɗaɗa tare da canje-canjen bushewar bushewa, canjin zafin jiki, da lodi na waje.Lokacin da aka yi amfani da karfi na waje, zaruruwa suna taka rawa wajen iyakancewa da hana fadada ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.Zaɓuɓɓukan suna criss-crosssed da isotropic, cinyewa da kuma kawar da damuwa, hana ci gaba da raguwa, kuma suna taka rawa wajen toshe fashe.
Bugu da ƙari na zaruruwa na iya yin busassun busassun turmi suna da babban inganci, babban aiki, ƙarfin ƙarfi, juriya mai tsauri, rashin ƙarfi, juriya mai fashe, juriya mai tasiri, juriya-narke, juriya juriya, juriya tsufa da sauran ayyuka.
(3) Wakilin rage ruwa
Water reducer ne a kankare admixture da zai iya rage adadin hadawa ruwa yayin da rike da slump na kankare m canza.Yawancin su anionic surfactants, irin su lignosulfonate, naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde polymer, da dai sauransu Bayan da aka kara da kankare cakuda, zai iya tarwatsa da siminti barbashi, inganta ta workability, rage naúrar ruwa amfani, inganta fluidity na kankare cakuda;ko rage yawan amfani da siminti da ajiye siminti.
Dangane da ragewar ruwa da ƙarfafa ƙarfin wakili na rage ruwa, an raba shi zuwa wakili na rage ruwa na yau da kullun (wanda kuma aka sani da plasticizer, ƙimar rage ruwa ba ta ƙasa da 8% ba, wakilta ta lignosulfonate), wakili mai rage ruwa mai inganci. (wanda kuma aka sani da superplasticizer) Plasticizer, rage yawan ruwa ba kasa da 14% ba, gami da naphthalene, melamine, sulfamate, aliphatic, da dai sauransu. acid Ana wakilta shi da superplasticizer), kuma an raba shi zuwa nau'in ƙarfin farko, nau'in ma'auni da nau'in retarded.
Dangane da abun da ke tattare da sinadarai, yawanci ana raba shi zuwa: superplasticizers na tushen lignosulfonate, superplasticizers na tushen naphthalene, superplasticizers tushen melamine, superplasticizers tushen sulfate, da fatty acid-based superplasticizers.Ma'aikatan ruwa, polycarboxylate superplasticizers.
Aikace-aikacen wakili na rage ruwa a cikin busassun busassun turmi yana da abubuwa masu zuwa: matakin ciminti, gyaran kai na gypsum, turmi don plastering, turmi mai hana ruwa, putty, da dai sauransu.
Ya kamata a zaɓi zaɓin wakili na rage ruwa bisa ga albarkatun ƙasa daban-daban da kaddarorin turmi daban-daban.
(4) Sitaci ether
An fi amfani da sitaci ether a ginin turmi, wanda zai iya rinjayar daidaiton turmi dangane da gypsum, siminti da lemun tsami, da canza ginin da juriya na turmi.Yawancin ethers na sitaci ana amfani da su tare da ethers cellulose da ba a gyaggyarawa da gyaggyarawa ba.Ya dace da duka tsaka tsaki da tsarin alkaline, kuma yana dacewa da mafi yawan abubuwan ƙari a cikin gypsum da samfuran siminti (kamar surfactants, MC, sitaci da polyvinyl acetate da sauran polymers mai narkewa).
Halayen sitaci ether yafi kwance a cikin: inganta juriya na sag;inganta ginin;inganta yawan turmi, galibi ana amfani dashi don: turmi da aka yi da hannu ko na inji bisa siminti da gypsum, caulk da m;tile m;masonry Gina turmi.
Lura: Matsakaicin sitaci ether na yau da kullun a cikin turmi shine 0.01-0.1%.
(5) Sauran abubuwan da ake karawa:
Mai ba da iska yana gabatar da adadi mai yawa na ƙananan kumfa da aka rarraba daidai lokacin da ake hadawa da turmi, wanda ke rage tashin hankali na turmi da ruwa, wanda zai haifar da tarwatsawa mafi kyau da kuma rage zubar da jini da kuma rarrabawar turmi-kakar. cakuda.Additives, yafi mai Sodium sulfonate da sodium sulfate, sashi shine 0.005-0.02%.
Retarders ana amfani da su a cikin turmi na gypsum da gypsum na tushen haɗin gwiwa.Yana da yawancin gishiri acid acid, yawanci ana ƙara shi a cikin adadin 0.05% -0.25%.
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na hydrophobic (masu hana ruwa) suna hana ruwa shiga cikin turmi, yayin da turmin ya kasance a buɗe don tururin ruwa ya yaɗu.Hydrophobic polymer redispersible powders ake yafi amfani.
Defoamer, don taimakawa sakin kumfa na iska da aka haɓaka da kuma samar da su yayin haɗuwa da turmi da gini, haɓaka ƙarfin matsawa, haɓaka yanayin yanayin ƙasa, sashi 0.02-0.5%.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-09-2023