Akwai iyakoki a inganta aikin gypsum manna ta hanyar haɗawa ɗaya.Idan aikin turmi na gypsum shine don samun sakamako mai gamsarwa kuma ya dace da buƙatun aikace-aikacen daban-daban, ana buƙatar haɗaɗɗen sinadarai, ƙararrawa, filaye da kayan aiki iri-iri don haɗawa da haɓaka juna ta hanyar kimiyya da hankali.
1. Maganin coagulant
Mai sarrafa coagulant an raba shi ne zuwa retarder da coagulant.A cikin turmi mai bushe gesso, samfurin da ke amfani da dafaffen gesso don gyara duka yana amfani da wakili na jinkirta coagulate, yi amfani da gesso mai anhydrous ko samfurin da ke amfani da gesso na ruwa 2 don gyara kai tsaye yana buƙatar haɓaka kayan aikin coagulate.
2. Mai jinkirtawa
Ta ƙara retarder zuwa gypsum busassun kayan gini gauraye, ana hana aikin samar da ruwa na gypsum mai ruwa-ruwa kuma an tsawaita lokacin ƙarfafawa.Yanayin hydration na gypsum plaster daban-daban, ciki har da abun da ke ciki na gypsum plaster, zafin jiki na kayan gypsum, ƙarancin barbashi, saitin lokaci da ƙimar pH na gama samfurin.Kowane al'amari yana da wani tasiri a kan tasirin retarding, don haka akwai babban bambance-bambance a cikin adadin wakili na retarding a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.A halin yanzu, mafi kyawun gypsum na musamman na gida shine furotin na metamorphic (protein mai girma) retarder, yana da fa'idodi na ƙananan farashi, lokaci mai tsawo, ƙarancin ƙarfin ƙarfi, kyakkyawan gini, dogon lokacin buɗewa da sauransu.A cikin kasa nau'in stucco gypsum shiri adadin shine gabaɗaya a cikin 0.06% ~ 0.15%.
3. Maganin coagulant
Haɓaka lokacin motsawa na slurry da tsawaita saurin motsawa na slurry ɗaya ne daga cikin hanyoyin jiki don haɓaka coagulation.Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su a cikin kayan gini na gypsum foda anhydrous sune potassium chloride, potassium silicate, sulfate da sauran acid.Matsakaicin shine gabaɗaya 0.2% ~ 0.4%.
4. Mai kula da ruwa
Gesso bushe cakuda kayan gini ba zai iya barin mai kare ruwa ba.Don inganta yawan riƙe ruwa na gypsum samfurin slurry shine tabbatar da cewa ruwa zai iya kasancewa a cikin gypsum slurry na dogon lokaci don samun sakamako mai kyau da kuma taurin.Inganta constructability na gypsum foda kayan gini, rage da kuma hana rabuwa da zub da jini na gypsum slurry, inganta slurry kwarara rataye, tsawaita lokacin budewa, warware aikin injiniya ingancin matsaloli kamar fatattaka da fanko drum ne ba za a iya rabuwa da ruwa retaining wakili.Ko da ruwa-retaining wakili ne manufa dogara yafi a kan dispersibility, sauri solubility, gyare-gyaren, thermal kwanciyar hankali da thickening, daga cikin abin da riƙe ruwa ne mafi muhimmanci index.
Cellulose ether wakili mai riƙe da ruwa
A halin yanzu, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose shine mafi yawan amfani da shi a kasuwa, sai methyl cellulose, da carboxymethyl cellulose.Cikakken kaddarorin hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose sun fi methyl cellulose kyau.Riƙewar ruwa na hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ya fi girma fiye da na carboxymethyl cellulose, amma tasirin daɗaɗɗa da haɗin kai ya fi na carboxymethyl cellulose muni.A cikin gypsum bushe gauraye kayan gini, adadin hydroxypropyl da methyl cellulose yana cikin kewayon 0.1% ~ 0.3%, kuma adadin carboxymethyl cellulose yana cikin kewayon 0.5% ~ 1.0%.
Wakilin mai riƙe da sitaci
Nau'in sitaci yana kare wakili na ruwa da gaske yana amfani da shi a gesso be putty in child, face Layer model stucco gesso, na iya maye gurbin partial ko duka nau'in cellulose iri yana kare wakili na ruwa.Ana iya inganta aikin aiki, haɓakawa da daidaito na slurry ta ƙara wakili mai riƙe da ruwa zuwa gypsum bushe kayan gini.Abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su na sitaci mai riƙe ruwa sune sitaci rogo, sitaci pre-gelatinized, sitaci carboxymethyl, sitaci carboxypropyl.Nau'in sitaci yana kare adadin wakilin ruwa ya kasance cikin 0.3% ~ 1% yawanci, idan adadin ya yi yawa babban taro yana sa gesso samfurin ya haifar da yanayin mildew ƙasa da yanayin datti, yana shafar ingancin aikin kai tsaye.
③ Nau'in manne mai riƙe ruwa
Wasu manne-dane nan take kuma na iya taka rawa sosai wajen riƙe ruwa.Irin su 17-88, 24-88 polyvinyl barasa foda, koren danko da guar gum da aka yi amfani da su don haɗin gypsum, gypsum putty, gypsum insulation manne da sauran gypsum busassun kayan gini gauraye, a cikin wani adadin adadin, zai iya rage yawan adadin. mai kula da ruwa na cellulose.Musamman a cikin gypsum mai sauri, zai iya maye gurbin ethers cellulose a wasu lokuta.
(4) Kayayyakin riƙon ruwa marasa ƙarfi
Aiwatar da sauran kayan da aka haɗa da ruwa a cikin gypsum busassun kayan gine-gine masu gauraye na iya rage yawan sauran kayan da ke riƙe da ruwa, rage farashin samfurori, da inganta aikin aiki da kuma ginawa na gypsum slurry.Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su na kayan adana ruwa na inorganic sune bentonite, kaolin, diatomite, foda zeolite, foda perlite, yumbu attapulgite, da sauransu.
5. M
Aikace-aikacen m a cikin gypsum busassun kayan gini gauraye yana ƙasa da wakili mai riƙe da ruwa kawai da mai riƙewa.Gesso kai matakin turmi, m gesso, caulking gesso, zafi kiyayewa gesso manne ba zai iya barin m wakili.
Foda mai sake rarrabuwa:
Redispersible latex foda ana amfani da ko'ina a gypsum kai matakin turmi, gypsum insulation manne, gypsum caulking putty da sauransu.Musamman a cikin gypsum kai matakin turmi, zai iya yin slurry viscidity, mai kyau fluidity, don rage stratification, kauce wa zub da jini, inganta tsaga juriya da sauransu kuma sun taka muhimmiyar rawa.Amfani shine gabaɗaya 1.2% ~ 2.5%.
Barasa polyvinyl nan take:
A halin yanzu, narkar da polyvinyl barasa nan take tare da ƙarin sashi akan kasuwa shine 24-88, 17-88 samfurin samfuran samfura guda biyu, galibi ana amfani da su a plaster m, gesso, gesso fili na adana zafi, manne stucco da sauran samfuran, sashi shine. 0.4% ~ 1.2% yawanci.
Guar danko, filin gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, sitaci ether da sauransu su ne adhesives tare da daban-daban bonding ayyuka a gypsum bushe gauraye kayan gini.
6. Mai kauri
Thickening yafi don inganta aiki da ruwa na gypsum slurry, wanda yayi kama da manne da mai riƙe da ruwa, amma ba gaba ɗaya ba.Wasu samfurin wakili na kauri yana da kyau a cikin tasirin girmamawa, amma girmamawa bai dace ba a cikin ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, ƙimar riƙe ruwa.Lokacin yin kayan gini na gypsum busassun foda, babban tasirin admixture ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi sosai don yin amfani da admixture mafi kyau kuma mafi dacewa.Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na kauri sune polyacrylamide, danko kore, guar danko, carboxymethyl cellulose.
7. Wakilin da ke haɗa iska
Ana kuma san wakili mai shigar da iska a matsayin wakili na kumfa, galibi ana amfani dashi a cikin manne gypsum insulation, plaster plaster da sauran busassun kayan gini gauraye.Wakilin shigar da iska (wakilin kumfa) yana taimakawa inganta haɓaka gini, juriya mai tsauri, juriya na sanyi, rage zub da jini da yanayin rarrabuwa, adadin shine gabaɗaya a cikin 0.01% ~ 0.02%.
8. wakili mai lalata kumfa
Ana amfani da wakili mai lalata foaming sau da yawa a gesso kai matakin turmi, gesso caulking be putty in, zai iya tayar da yawa daga ɓangaren litattafan almara, ƙarfi, juriya na ruwa, caking jima'i, sashi yana cikin 0.02% ~ 0.04% yawanci.
9. Wakilin rage ruwa
Rage wakili na ruwa zai iya inganta gesso slurry fluidity da gesso hardening ƙarfin jiki, yawanci a gesso kai matakin turmi, stucco gesso.A halin yanzu, wakili na rage ruwa na gida shine polycarboxylic acid retarding ruwa mai rage wakili, melamine high-ingataccen ruwa rage wakili, shayi tsarin high-inganci retarding ruwa rage wakili, lignosulfonate ruwa rage wakili bisa ga ruwa da kuma ƙarfi sakamako.Baya ga amfani da ruwa da ƙarfi, wajibi ne a kula da lokacin saita lokaci da asarar ruwa na kayan gini na gypsum lokacin amfani da wakili na rage ruwa a cikin gypsum busassun kayan gini gauraye.
10. Mai hana ruwa ruwa
Babban lahani na samfuran gypsum shine ƙarancin juriya na ruwa.Wurin da ya fi girma zafi iska yana da buƙatun juriya na ruwa don gypsum busasshen turmi gauraye.Gabaɗaya, juriya na ruwa na gypsum taurare jiki ana inganta ta ƙara na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa admixture.A ƙarƙashin yanayin rigar ko cikakken ruwa, ƙarancin laushi na gypsum mai taurin jiki zai iya kaiwa 0.7, don biyan buƙatun ƙarfin samfur.Hakanan za'a iya amfani da abubuwan haɗin sinadarai don rage narkewar gypsum (wato, ƙara haɓaka mai laushi), rage shawar gypsum zuwa ruwa (wato rage sha ruwa) da kuma rage zazzagewar gypsum taurin jiki (wato ruwa). warewa) hanyar juriya ta ruwa.Gypsum mai hana ruwa wakili yana da ammonium borate, methyl sodium silicate, silicone guduro, madara burbushin kakin zuma, da sakamako ne mafi alhẽri da silicone emulsion ruwa wakili.
11. Mai kunnawa aiki
Za a iya kunna gypsum anhydrous na halitta da sinadarai don sanya shi m da ƙarfi, ta yadda ya dace da samar da gypsum busassun kayan gini gauraye.Acid activator zai iya hanzarta farkon hydration kudi na anhydrous gypsum, rage saitin lokaci da kuma inganta farkon ƙarfin gypsum taurare jiki.Alkaline activator yana da kadan tasiri a farkon hydration kudi na anhydrous gypsum, amma a fili zai iya inganta daga baya ƙarfin gypsum taurare jiki, kuma zai iya zama wani ɓangare na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa siminti abu a cikin gypsum taurare jiki, yadda ya kamata inganta ruwa juriya na gypsum taurare jiki. .Tasirin aikace-aikacen acid-base compound activator ya fi na acid guda ɗaya ko mai kunnawa na asali.Acid activators sun hada da potassium alum, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate da sauransu.Masu kunnawa alkaline sun haɗa da quicklime, siminti, clinker siminti, dolomite calcined da sauransu.
Thixotropic man shafawa
Thixovariable man shafawa da ake amfani da kai matakin gypsum ko stuccoing gypsum, wanda zai iya rage kwarara juriya na gypsum turmi, tsawanta lokacin budewa, hana stratification da sulhu na slurry, don haka kamar yadda ya sa slurry samun mai kyau lubricity da gini, yayin da yin taurare tsarin jiki uniform, ƙara da surface ƙarfi.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-25-2022